Html fill all over the width. Alignment in HTML. Adjust paragraph parameters.
Aligning the block in the center of the screen with HTML and CSS is a task that must always come up before all HTML-layouters. Today, we will discuss ways to align the various elements both horizontally and vertically.
When you make sites, it often happens that you need to align some element of the template to the center of the screen. And such a need can arise when using different and for the most part does not depend on them. Quite often you have to align both built-in and block elements. We will analyze all possible examples for two types of elements in case of horizontal and vertical alignment in the center of the screen separately.
It would be sufficient to change its line height to restore the correct composition! Well thought out, it is logically worth it. But the anxiety comes from the most linear height. Therefore, setting the line height below the built-in element simply does not change anything. An ideal would be the type of the element that puts it in the online context to take into account the height of the parent string, but that formats its contents as an element of the block so that we can determine the correct line height.
In general, it should be remembered that each element has two characteristics. When we talk about a block element, it is an element that has context and block formatting. Similarly, the built-in element is an element that has a built-in context and formatting.
Horizontal alignment of built-in elements
In principle, with built-in elements that have a CSS property display: inline; or display: inline-block; problems with horizontal alignment It should not be and this is solved by the standard property text-align.
Alignment of the built-in element horizontally:
Text-align: center;
Align elements with each other
Display: built-in unit; It allows you to define an element for a context in a row and format the block, so the latter can take into account the vertical alignment. It has already been discovered that it is possible to center the block vertically in the container, but also center this block relative to the line of text. Well, it's very simple, enough that these elements take into account the vertical alignment and determine it to the middle.
The container here becomes optional, it simply takes up the height necessary to cover all the elements. Do you want to concentrate the content in a container with high fluidity? Sorry that disappointed you, but in the absolute it's impossible. Indeed, the height of the fluid corresponds to the height needed for the container to cover all of its children in the stream, and the second is unknown to the navigator. Therefore, since the latter does not have a "control point", it is impossible to set it to a height that was not specified.
In this way, you can align text, images, tables, and other non-block items. Moreover, you can use the tag center, but it is obsolete and may not pass validation (it was not checked, because it is not necessary). Also, for example, to align a table or block (div) in the center, you can add it to the tag table attribute align = "center".
Take the block with the height in percent. Its height is well specified, but you can not use the linear height, because for this the percentage value will refer to the font size. Thus, the tricks described above do not work anymore, but fortunately, there is a common solution that works as soon as the container is at a certain height, that is, once you assign a value to the height property.
Height: 100%; It will mean "the specified height of my container". This is not standard behavior, and therefore should not be relied upon. You can center an element in a container with a specified height. Note the analogy with the rack, because we are creating an element that will vertically align other elements in the built-in context. This element, moreover, usually has a zero width if its only utility is centering.
The most ordinary text.
As you can see, aligning the built-in element horizontally is not a problem, so we move on.
Horizontal alignment of the block (div) and other block elements
In the case of the block, the previous example will not work. Firstly - because the block by default occupies 100% of the width of the area in which it is located and how it is not equal, it will always be located in one place, and secondly - because block elements simply do not lend themselves to some CSS properties that can only be used for embedded elements.
What distinguishes this method is that the elements can have a liquid height and will always be centered accurately, without any calculations on your part. As a result, this means that there is nothing to add for the built-in element, than. Because this element will have a context and a layout on the Internet. All conditions are met, and our element will behave well in all browsers.
And if an element has a block type? Logically in this case, he will need to tell him to be online. Only if we do this, the behavior will no longer be expected in "normal" browsers, since the display property will be overloaded. Just note that this rule should be after the built-in block to be able to overload it.
If you want to align the block in the center of the screen horizontally, it is necessary that the width of your block is less than the width of the screen itself or the element in which it is located. Therefore, the width of the block will need to be specified either explicitly or as a percentage of the width of the parent element. Having done these operations, you will not see any changes on the screen if the block does not have a frame and its background is not different from the parent, so for clarity you can temporarily paint it with some bright color and watch the results when making changes to CSS.
It's time to use another property that assigns the layout: scaling. There are other properties that give a layout, but their use will depend on use cases, while scaling is common. Therefore, hacking is no longer needed.
Let's go, it's time to turn all those obsolete tags! When in the diagram: select "Format" - "Name" - "Main Name", the "Alignment" tab. Select "Size" - "Cells", the "Alignment" tab. Open the context menu of the header of the column of the open database table and select "Formatting Columns", the "Alignment" tab.
Now it's left to just use the automatic indentation feature:
Margin: 0 auto;
After assigning this property to the block, it will move to the center of the screen. Actually margin: 0 auto - this is a shortened record of the next version, which, as you can see, is much more cumbersome and has no right to exist, since it is a bad form and increases the file size by 4-6 times:
Select the horizontal alignment option that you want to apply to the contents of the cell. With this option, you can select a standard horizontal layout for the contents of the cell. Align the contents of the cell to the left. Align the contents of the cell to the right.
Icon in the format bar. Aligns the contents of cells with left and right edges. Repeats the contents of the cell to fill the entire visible area of the cell. This function does not apply to text that contains line breaks. Align the contents of the entire cell evenly.
Margin-top: 0; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: auto;
Vertical alignment of built-in elements
In order to align text, image, table and other built-in elements vertically, you need to make them blocky or completely:
Display: block;
Or only half:
Display: inline-block;
Vertical alignment of block elements
The most common problem for beginners is the vertical alignment of the block. Especially the problem is relevant for block elements, the height of which is predetermined. In the case when the height of the block and the height of its parent are known in advance, the problem is solved very simply: we subtract the height of the block from the height of the parent block, which we want to align vertically, then divide the result in half (with rounding) and assign an indentation for the target element equal to the value obtained .
Returns the contents to the left edge of the specified cell. You can select the vertical alignment option to apply to the contents of the cell. Align the contents of the cell along the top edge. Align the contents of the cell along the bottom edge.
Center the contents of the cell vertically. Align the contents with the top and bottom edges of the cell. Equally justified, except that the orientation of the text is vertical. It behaves like a horizontal distribution, for example, even the last line is justified.
For example, if the height of the screen or the parent element is 1000 pixels, and the height of the block that we want to align vertically is 500 pixels, then making the necessary calculations, we get the following:
/ * (1000 - 500) / 2 = 250 * / margin: 250px auto;
A simpler, but not cross-browser, 100% example:
Margin: auto;
This example works cross-browser only if all the quantities are known in advance, but unfortunately, in most cases this is not the case and you have to use more sophisticated methods. For example, if you need to align one line of text vertically, you can set the height of the line equal to the height of the parent element with line-height. You can also use the property vertical-align: middle;, which will only work for elements with the property display: inline; or display: inline-block;.
In this "area" you can set the orientation of the text in the cell. Press the selector to set the desired orientation. Enter the rotation angle applied to the text of the selected cell. A positive value causes the text to rotate to the left, and a negative value causes a rotation to the right.
Here you can specify the edge of the cell from which you can start the rotated text. Extension of text from the bottom of the cell: Records the text, rotated from the bottom edge of the cell to the outside. Extension of text from the top of the cell: Records text that is rotated from the top of the cell to the outside. Text expansion only inside the cell: Writes text that is rotated only inside the cell. Align the text vertically.
Absolute positioning of the element can also come to the rescue, if necessary. But it all depends on the specific situation, so we'll just give you all sorts of ways by which you can align the block along the vertical of the screen or the parent element.
Indent padding or margin
Intentionally increase the size of the parent element, as if expanding it with the help of padding or margin:
These commands are only available if the support for languages in the Asian language is included in the "Tools - Options" - "Language settings - Languages". This option is only available if the Asian language support is enabled and the text direction is vertical. Align the Asian characters vertically in the selected cells. If the cell contains several lines of text, the rows are converted to columns that are located from right to left.
Sizes by cell size
Define the text flow in the cell. The text is sent at the top when it reaches the edge of the cell. The number of rows depends on the width of the cell. Includes text wrapping to return to the beginning of the text. Reduces the apparent size of the font that you use to make the contents of the cell match the width of the cell.
Margin: 300px 0; / * or * / padding: 300px 0;
One line of text and line-height
In this example, you need to know the height of the parent element and be sure that the text is short enough and will not be transferred (usually used for vertical menus in the sidebar):
/ * For example, the height of the parent element is 300 pixels * / line-height: 300px;
Right, left or center? Before the e-mail, normal people did not ask the question of alignment of the text. This was part of the book publisher's work, and the books were very orderly: with justified alignment left and right there are two sharp columns in the blank, no spots and overlapping of the letters. As for typing, at the end of the line we were locked and we wanted to whistle. All attention was paid to printed errors, elegance was not so important.
However, today we are fully masters of the form and page, and we decide how to align the text. Fans are divided between aligning and leveling to the left, although all readability searches tell us that web pages and working documents should always be left aligned.
Vertical alignment of icons or smilies in the text
Often it turns out that the height of the smiley or icon inserted into the text is not equal to the height of one line of text, so you either need to set line-height, equal to the height of the icon or use the property vertical-align for images.
Vertical-align: middle;
Table or display: table-cell
The table is great for vertical alignment of text and moreover has this property for default cells (analog attribute - valign = "middle"), but if you want to use blocks, you can assign them a property display: table; and display: table-cell; (which is a mockery and complete idiocy), then the usual vertical-align will work.
We see different possibilities. Aligned or aligned alignments Text strings are the same length and fill the whole truth, that is, the width of the body of the text. From the invention of mobile printing is the standard of books, where the order helps us read tens and hundreds of pages, as well as in newspapers that are built with columns. The disadvantage, especially on the Internet, is that you often create "holes" that make the text similar to the Grove risk, which increases with the reduction of columns and with the frequency of long words, for example, adverbs.
The most ordinary text.
Table (display: table;) .td (display: table-cell;)
Absolute positioning position: absolute
Sometimes, when the conditions allow this, you can simply position the element absolutely, not relative, then the CSS will look like this:
Position: absolute; margin: auto; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0;
In addition to the examples given, there are a lot of other ways and possibilities to align the block and built-in elements vertically, but we did not result in them due to the fact that they are too bulky or not cross-browser, and require installation, which is not very good. We just need to wait a couple of years, when all browsers are tightened and the need for prefixes is gone, then we will use new experimental properties. And we just think that the given cross-browser examples that are time-tested are more than enough and there is no need to reinvent the wheel.
Align to the left or "Flag" Here, however, the spaces between words are always the same, but the text lines never have the same length. Words do not match, you go head to head. The effect is a waving flag or a fringed carpet. What is important is that the bands are fairly uniform. The left orientation was rarely used until the twentieth century, and today it triumphs on the Internet and comes out. More than the laws of the box and the cell, it is subject to the flow of language. It is used in poetic texts, in headlines, in notes and is recommended on the Internet, where it is better not to complicate reading with the transfer.
It is quite difficult to find a PC user who has absolutely complete information about the functional potential of all developed by programmers at this time. However, despite this, there is some software that should not only be familiar to every modern educated person, but he must easily own it.
If the text is left-aligned, it is also useful to align the title to the left, as recommended by the authoritative web style guide. Align to the right or "Inverted Flag" Here the edges of the textured carpet are on the right. It is difficult to read, because each line of the eye should start from a different point.
Centered or "epigraphic" alignment. The text center is symmetrical, for example, the facade of a classical temple. It is used for invitations, names, certificates, graves. Lines can be short or long, as in this text, but the effect is never unpleasant. Words do not have silhouettes, and it's good that the lines are not too long, can be static and ordinary, or effectively break the text is justified by information that requires space and attention.
Even an ordinary user should be able to distribute text relative to the page
In particular, with the employment of managers of almost all institutions and institutions put forward a condition in which it is determined that each employee must possess user skills and know Microsoft Word.
Word is a text editor, thanks to which it is easy to type text, view and edit it. Any document must necessarily withstand business papers. It is for this reason that some employees who want to fully master the skills of working in Word, want to know how to align the text to the width in the specified program.
Text tool in the toolbar. A text tool puts text in the image. A text toolbar has been added that allows you to edit text in several ways, but you can use the Text Options window to change the font, color, and size of the text. Right-clicking on the rectangle opens a context menu that allows you to copy, cut, paste, load text, etc.
As soon as the text beats, it appears on the drawing in a rectangular structure. If you first change this structure, the text will automatically be adjusted to its size. It can be increased for both rectangular choices. This chapter describes the parameters of the tool. To learn how to use the "Text" tool, refer to the text management.
Word, being a text editor, has enough functionality to align the text that is in the row, the table. You can also align WordArt objects.
So, wanting to figure out how to align the text in Word, it's just enough to get acquainted with the small instructions.
Aligning data on a page
In Word, text can be distributed to the left, the right edge, the center, or the width of the page.
Workshops users who often have to perform such actions are preliminarily carried to the top panel, which contributes to significant time saving for document editing.
If such buttons are not rendered on the panel, a certain distribution of the text information is still possible, if you follow the instructions how to align the text in Word.
At the top of the office application is the menu bar on which the "Home" tab is located, by clicking on which, you need to go to the "Paragraph" block. In this block, you can easily find four buttons with lines that are directly responsible for the distribution of data.
If the office package is installed on the PC in 2003, you should also go to the "Paragraph" block, in which the alignment options will be offered. However, to get into this block, you must first click on the top menu bar on the "Format" tab.
Clicking on the buttons with lines, you can personally see how the lines will occupy a different position, aligned to the specified edge, center or width.
Having done this operation several times, the user will remember for a long time how to align the lines in Word, and subsequently himself can consult those who are just starting to master the office application.
Alignment in the table
Microsoft Office contains an Excel spreadsheet in which you can create tables, apply formulas, and perform many. However, often you have to create tables not only in Excel, but also in Word, and then the data placed in the cells of the table, also aligned according to the specified criteria.
In this regard, some users are interested in how to align lines in Word by width, center or edges, if the data is enclosed in a table cell.
Alignment of information in a table cell
To make a certain placement of data in a cell, it is initially important to specify the desired cells, highlighting them, and then on the menu bar open the "Layout" tab, among the functionality of which will be the "Alignment" block.
It remains now to select the desired alignment option, click on it, and the data in the cell will be aligned.
If the user has Word 2003, the cells are also initially selected, after which the "Table" tab is selected in the menu bar, and then "Table Properties". In the opened dialog box on the "Table" submenu, you can find the "Alignment" block, which is directly responsible for the width, center or edges of the cell.
So, to edit information in Word is easy, if you thoroughly familiarize yourself with the basic functionality of the office application.
